![]() ![]() Their production involves chemical treatment to ensure appropriate properties, such as fire resistance and no vermin infestation. The products are in the form of fibre, batts or compressed board. These products have low embodied energy, as the materials can be sourced from renewable raw materials. Plant/animal derived products include cellulose fibre, sheep wool, cotton, and flax. It is more suitable for cellular plastic products to be incinerated for energy recovery at their end of life. Cellular plastic products can be recycled but it is a cumbersome process. As such, when sourcing cellular plastic insulation products, it is important to ensure the specified products have production processes that do not use ozone depleting agents. However, the production process has switched to using neutral hydrocarbons. In the past, the production process involved ozone depleting agents, such as HCFCs. ![]() The products are available as loose fill, rigid sheets and foam. If removed in appropriate conditions, mineral fibre can be reused and recycled at the end of its life.Ĭellular plastic products are oil-derived and include rigid polyurethane, phenlic, expanded polystyrene, and extruded polystyrene. These materials are melted at high temperatures, spun into fibre and then have a binding agent added to form rigid sheets and insulation batts. Mineral fibre products include rock wool, slag wool and glass wool, which can be sourced from recycled waste. Industrial insulation products are largely classified into three groups – mineral fibre, cellular plastic and plant/animal derived. These include industrial insulation products and the application of natural elements as thermal insulation. Of the many forms, shapes and applications of thermal insulation, this section focuses on those that are commonly used for building envelopes– i.e., floor, walls and roof, and have potential for South-South technology transfer. These materials have no other purpose than to save energy and protect and provide comfort to occupants. Thermal insulation is a construction material with low thermal conductivity, often less than 0.1W/mK. Anderson investigate the historical lineages of the performances, components, assembly types, and material entanglements that constitute the contemporary building envelope.Thermal insulation is an important technology to reduce energy consumption in buildings by preventing heat gain/loss through the building envelope. Rather than producing a stylistic analysis of the façade, in this book Alejandro Zaera-Polo and Jeffrey S. In contrast to this, our material and environmental theory of the envelope proposes that the exponential development of building technologies since the mid-19th century, coupled with new techniques of management and regulation, have diminished the compositional and ornamental capacities of the envelope in favor of material, quantitative, and technical performances. Within the discipline of architecture, the traditional understanding of the façade focuses primarily on semiotic and compositional operations (such as proportional laws and linguistic codes), which are deployed on the building’s surface. While the façade is one of the most thoroughly theorized elements of architecture, it is also one of the most questioned since the end of the 19th century. ![]()
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